Wnt-10b is a 42-44kD member of the Wnt family of secreted, highly conserved, cysteine-rich glycoproteins that play important roles in vertebrate pattern formation, cell fate decision, axon guidance, and tumor formation. Human Wnt-10b cDNA encodes a 389aa precursor that contains a 28aa signal sequence plus a 361aa mature protein that contains two glycosylation sites, three potential phosphorylation sites, and a potential palmitoylation site. Human Wnt-10b shares 97-99% aa identity with mouse, rat, equine, porcine, and canine Wnt-10b. Wnt-10b plays a critical role in maintaining mesenchymal stem cells and determining whether they differentiate to adipocytes or osteoblasts. Mouse Wnt-10b deletion produces age-dependent loss of bone mass due to defective production of osteoblasts, while transgenic over-expression increases postnatal osteoblast differentiation and inhibits adipocyte differentiation. Ectopic expression of Wnt-10b in an obesity and diabetes-prone background, such as the ob/ob mouse, inhibits obesity. In mouse skeletal muscle, Wnt-10b is expressed inversely with SREBP1c and increases insulin sensitivity. In humans, a missense polymorphism is responsible for a malformation of hands and feet, while a C256Y inactivating mutation is associated with severe early-onset obesity. Wnt-10b is mainly produced by stem cells and pre-osteoblasts, but also by adult bone marrow CD8+ T lymphocytes stimulated with parathyroid. In some hepatocellular carcinomas, Wnt-10b can inhibit cancer cell growth, but in others, it can act synergistically with FGFs to stimulate cell growth. Several Wnts, including Wnt-10b, are expressed in both normal and/or malignant colon tissues.||Source:|Recombinant corresponding to aa1-389 human Wnt-10b expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO.||Molecular Weight:|~40kD||Biological Activity:|Measured in a cell proliferation/survival assay using IEC-18 rat small intestinal epithelial cell line. The ED50 for this effect is typically 0.3-1.2ug/ml||Endotoxin: ~1EU/1ug (LAL)||Storage and Stability:|Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months at -20°C. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Reconstituted product is stable for 3 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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