VEGF is a homodimeric heavily glycosylated protein. The human factor occurs in several molecular variants of 121aa, 162aa, 145aa, 148aa, 165aa, 183aa, 189aa, 206aa, arising by alternative splicing of the mRNA.The splice forms of VEGF differ in biological properties such as the receptor types, which they recognize and their interaction with heparan sulfate proteoglycans. The 165aa form of the factor is the most common form in most tissues. Kaposi sarcomas express VEGF121 and VEGF165. VEGF121 and VEGF165 are soluble secreted forms of the factor while VEGF189 and VEGF206 are mostly bound to heparin-containing proteoglycans in the cell surface or in the basement membrane. A high-affinity glycoprotein receptor of 170-235kD is expressed on vascular endothelial cells. The interaction of VEGF with heparin-like molecules of the extracellular matrix is required for efficient receptor binding. Protamine sulfate and suramin are capable of replacing the receptor-bound factor. The high-affinity receptor for VEGF, now known as VEGFR1, has been identified as the gene product of the FLT-1. Another receptor for VEGF, now known as VEGFR2, is KDR, also known as FLK-1. A factor that competes with the 165 amino acid form of VEGF for receptor binding is PLGF. A third receptor type, VEGFR3 is known also as FLT-4. An isoform-specific receptor for VEGF165 has been identified as human Neuropilin-1.||Source:|Recombinant protein corresponding to human VEGF expressed in CHO cells.||Molecular Weight:|~19kD||Biological Activity:|The ED50 was determined by the dose-dependent proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using a concentration range of 1-10ng/mL.||Endotoxin:|<1EU/ug (LAL)||Storage and Stability:|Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months after receipt at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile ddH2O. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Reconstituted product is stable for 6 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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