ThetopologyoftheDNAisacrucialissueindifferentBIOLOGicalprocesseslikerecombination,replication,transcription,andchromatinremolding.DNAtopoisomerasesareenzymesthatcontroltheamountofsupercoilinginDNA.Withouttopoisomeras,DNAcannotreplicatenormally.TheproteinfamilyofDNAtopoisomerasesisdividedintotwotypes(typeIandII)basedontheirmechanismandphysicalproperties.WhilethetypeItopoisomerasesaremonomericanddonotrequireATP,thetypeIIcontainmulti-subunitsanddependonATPfortheiractivity.ThetypeIenzymesincludeeukaryoticandbacterialtopoisomeraseIandIII.ThetypeIIenzymesincludebacterialDNAgyraseandtopoisomeraseIVandtheeukaryotictopoisomeraseII.TypeIenzymesintroducetransientsinglestrandbreaksinDNA,whiletypeIIenzymesproducetransientdoublestrandbreaksintheDNA.HumanDNATopoisomeraseIbelongstothesubtypeIBenzymes.Theproteinhasfourdistinctdomains.TheN-terminal214aminoacidsaredispensableforrelaxationactivityandconstitutesahydrophilicandhighlyproteasesensitiveregionoftheprotein.TherearefournuclearlocalizationsignalsintheN-terminaldomain.Theseconddomainisacoredomainof421aminoacidsthatisresponsIBLeforthesinglebreakintheDNA.RecentlyitwasreportedthatDNAtopoisomeraseIisinvolvedinmodulationofRNAandispresentinretroviralparticles(likeHIV1).FurThermore,theenzymeenhancesHIV-1CDNAproductioninreversetranscriptionassays.TopoIIplaysimportantrolesinsynthesisandtranscriptionofDNAaswellaschromosomalsegregationduringmitosis.ItisreportedtobeasensitiveandspecificMarkeroflateS-,G2-&M-phasesintransformedanddevelopmentallyregulatednormalcellsTopIIisalsoimplicatedindrugresistanceoftumorcells.||Source:|18aapeptidefrom~C-terminusofhumantopoisomeraseIIalpha||SpeciesSequenceHomology:|Guineapig,porcine-94%;Mouse-87%;Chicken-72%;Rat-88%.||Applications:|SuitableforuseinELISAasacontrolpeptideforT8065-13H.Otherapplicationsnottested.||RecommendedDilution:|Optimaldilutionstobedeterminedbytheresearcher.||StorageandStABIlity:|Lyophilizedpowdermaybestoredat-20°C.Stablefor12monthsat-20°C.ReconstitutewithsterilebufferorddH2O.Aliquottoavoidrepeatedfreezingandthawing.Storeat-20°C.Formaximumrecoveryofproduct,centrifugetheoriginalvialafterthawingandpriortoremovingthecap.Furtherdilutionscanbemadeinassaybuffer.

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