ControlPeptideforT2399-85andT2399-90||A23aaPeptidesequencemappingneartheN-terminusofyeasttelomerase/Est2.The23AAyeastcontrolpeptidehasnosignificantsequencehomologywithmammaliantelomerases.||The3'endsofchromosomesarecappedwithtelomeresequences(TTAGGG;6-26nucleotidesinlength)byribonucleoproteintelomeraseduringDNAreplication.TelomeraseisanunusualRNA-dependentDNApolymerasethatusesandRNAcomponenttospecifytheadditionoftelomere.ThetelomericRNAcontainsasequencecomplementarytoTTAGGG.Inciliatedprotozoaandyeast,telomerelengthismaintainedbyregulatingtheactivityoftelomerase.Manymammaliancellsdonotexpresstelomeraseresultingintoshorteningoftelomerewitheachcelldivision,andultimatelycausingthechromosomalinstABIlity,agingandcelldeath.Approx.4.8kboftelomericDNAislostwitheachcelldivisionresultingintolargenumberofchromosomalabnormalities.Mostrecently,introductionoftelomeraseintonormalhumancellshasbeenshowntoextendnormalcelllifeby~20doubling.(2).||Purificationoftelomerasefromtheciliatealsorevealedtwoproteinof43and123kD.p123isahomologofyeastEst2(EssentialforTelomeraseactivity).MammalianhomologsofyeastEst2(alsoknownasTP2forTelomeraseassociatedProtein2;hEST2ortelomerasecatalyticsubunitortelomerasereversetranscriptase,TERT)havealsobeencloned(humanEst2,1132aa;mouseEst21122aa;~127kD).hEST2waslocalizedinthenucleus.Yeasttelomeraseis988aaprotein.

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