Nephrin is encoded by NPHS1 gene (chromosome 19q13.1), the core protein of the interpodocytes slit diaphragm of kidney glomerulus, these podocytes are highly differentiated with characteristic interdigitating foot processes covering the outer glomerular basement membrane, the space between these foot processes is spanned by a tight junction to provide the large surface area for filtration. The mutated NPHS1 gene in congenital nephrotic syndrome of Finnish type, a human disease that leads to massive proteinuria in utero and nephrosis at birth. Nephrin is a transmembrane protein of immunoglobulin super family with 8 Ig like domains, identified in human (1241aa), rat (1252aa), and mouse (1256aa). Nephrin is found to be specifically expressed in kidney-slit diaphragm, brain and pancreas, the protein plays a crucial role in development and function of kidney filtration barrier, this barrier is crucial for maintaining the water and electrolyte balance without losing circulating proteins into the urine. Nephrin interacts with podocin and with CD2AP C-terminal domain, It tends to be a signaling molecule that activates canonical protein kinase cascades, which is initiated by three closely related proteins called NEPH proteins (NEPH1, NEPH2, & NEPH3), The NEPH proteins share a common domain architecture consisting of 5 extracellular Ig domain followed by transmembrane domain, These proteins bind to C-terminal domain of podocin, which interacts with C-terminal of nephrin and greatly enhances nephrin-induced signaling. NEPH2 (Human 778aa, chrm 11q24) has no N-terminal signal peptide; the C-terminus will be inside and do have transmembrane region. It has the common domain architecture of 5 Ig domains. NEPH2 id present in brain, heart, kidney and nervous system.||Applications:|Suitable for use in ELISA as a control peptide for N2028-54. Other applications not tested.||Recommended Dilution:|Antibody Blocking: 5-10ug per 1ul of serum or 1ug of Affinity Purified.|Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcherer.||Storage and Stability:|May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. For long-term storage, store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for at least 6 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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