Control peptide for M4470-02 (affinity purified) and M4470-02B (antiserum).||Monocarboxylate such as lactate and pyruvate play an important role in cellular metabolism. Lactic acid is produced as the end product of glycolysis. Some tissues, such as white skeletal muscle and red blood cells, use this pathway to generate most of their ATP under normal physiological conditions. All tissues become dependent on this pathway during abnormal conditions such as hypoxia and ischaemia. Lactic acid, produced during normal glycolysis, must be transported out of cells to sustain high rate of glycolysis. Failure to export lactic acid leads to accumulation of cellular lactic acid, followed by an increase in pH, leading to inhibition of glycolysis. Some tissues, such as brain, heart and red skeletal muscle, readily oxidize lactic acid. These tissues must import lactic acid into the cells. Lactic acid transport is mediated by a group of proton-linked membrane transporters called monocarboxylic acid transporters (MCTs). At least 9 MCT-related proteins (MCT1-9) have been identified in mammals that are expressed in a tissue specific manner. MCT1 (also known as MOT1 or SLC16A1 or MEV; mouse 493aa, rat 494aa, human 500aa; ~ 95 % identity) is a membrane protein containing 12 transmembrane proteins. MCT1 is most closely related to MCT2 (~65% identity, whereas homolog with other MCT2-MCT8 isoforms is less (~35-53%). MCT1 has very wide tissue distribution. MCT1/MOT1 is ubiquitously expressed. It is especially prominent in heart and red muscle. It is upregulated in response to increased work, suggesting an important role in lactic acid oxidation. It is the major isoform in tumor cell and erythrocytes.||Applications: |Suitable for use in ELISA and Antibody Blocking. Not suitable for use in Western Blot. due to low molecular weight. Other applications not tested.||Recommended Dilution:|ELISA: 50-100ng per well.|Antibody Blocking: 5-10ug per 1ug M4470-02 (affinity purified) or per 1ul M4470-02B (antiserum).|Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.||Storage and Stability:|May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. For long-term storage, store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for at least 6 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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