Oxygen is absolutely critical for the survival of mammalian cells. Hypoxia induced factor (HIF) is a transcriptional complex that plays a central role in mammalian oxygen homeostasis. There are 3-types of alpha subunits (HIF1-3alpha) and one HIF-beta subunits. However, the three HIF-alpha subunits are regulated by oxygen in a similar fashion, i.e. by regulated stabilization of the alpha-subunits. Under normal conditions, HIF-alpha Prolines are hydroxylated at Pro-402 and Pro-564. This allows binding of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), the substrate recognition component of the E3 ubiquinated ligase complex, subsequent ubiquitination and degradation of HIF-alpha by the proteasome. Under hypoxic conditions, hydroxylation of HIF-alpha is inhibited and this prevents HIF-alpha degradation. The enzymes responsible for HIF-hydroxylation are known as HIF-prolyl hydroxylases (PHD1-3 or HPH1, HPH2, and HPH3). The three PHDs have been identified to hydroxylate the motif, LXXLAP* with *P being the hydroxyproline. PHD3 (human 333-aa, chromosome 14; also known as EGL9, C. ELEGANS, HOMOLOG OF, 3, EGLN3, PROLYL HYDROXYLASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 3;PHD3, HIF-PROLYL HYDROXYLASE 3; HIFPH3) Widely expressed at low levels. Expressed at higher levels in heart (cardiac myocytes, aortic endothelial cells and coronary artery smooth muscle) and placenta. It is activated under hypoxia.||Source:|16aa peptide of Human PHD3/EGLN3 (1)||Location:|~C-terminal||Species Sequence Homology: |Mouse, rat-87%.||Applications:|Suitable for use in ELISA as a control peptide for P3375-07. Other applications not tested. ||Recommended Dilution:|ELISA: Use 50-100ng of control peptide/well|Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. ||Storage and Stability:|Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile buffer or ddH2O. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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