Cytochrome-Cenzymeisanuclearencodedproteinlocatedinthemitochondriaofallaerobiccells.Itisinvolvedintheelectrontransportsystemthatfunctionsinoxidativephosphorylation.Itacceptselectronsfromcytochromebandtransfersthemtocytochromeoxidase.Intheprocesstheironofthehemegroup(whichisidenticaltothatofhemoglobinandmyoglobin)shiftsfromtheferroustotheferricstate.Humancytochrome-chas105-aa(~12kD).||Mitochondriaplayapivotalroleintheregulationofprogrammedcelldeathorapoptosis.Apoptosisisdrivenbytwoclassesofspecializedproteasesknownascaspases(Cysteineaspartase).Theinitiatorcaspasescanbeactivatedbyself-cleavage.Theeffectorcaspasesarethenactivatedinanamplificationcascade.Severalkeyparticipantsarereleasedfromthemitochondriathatregulateapoptosis.Thefirstsuchfactor(Cytochrome-C)tobedescribedbindstoacytoplasmicscaffoldingproteincalledApaf-1.BindingofthemitochondriafactorallowsApaf-1toformaternarycomplexwith,andactivate,theinitiatorpro-caspase-9.Activecaspase-9thenturnsondownstreameffectorcaspases,initiatingapoptosis.Murineembryosdevoidofcytochromecdiedinuterobymidgestation.Incontrast,cellslackingcytochromecdemonstratedincreasedsensitivitytocelldeathsignalstriggeredbyTNF.||Aapplications:|SuitableforuseinWesternBlot.Otherapplicationsnottested.||RecommendedDilution:|WesternBlottingLoad~10ul/lanetovisualizewithappropriateantibodies.|Optimaldilutiondeterminedbytheresearcher.||StorageandStABIlity:|Maybestoredat4°Cforshort-termonly.Forlong-termstorage,storeat-20°C.Aliquotsarestableforatleast6monthsat-20°C.Formaximumrecoveryofproduct,centrifugetheoriginalvialafterthawingandpriortoremovingthecap.Furtherdilutionscanbemadeinassaybuffer.

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