A mixture of 14 aa peptide sequence near the N-terminus of mouse TIM1 and 14 aa peptide sequence from the C-terminus of human TIM1.||Several endogenous factors have been linked to rhythmicity or circadian behavior of living organisms. In Drosophila, the genes period (dPer) and timeless (tim), and in Neurospora frequency (frq), have been proposed to be responsible for their circadian rhythm. In mammals, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus serves as a master circadian clock with a measurable circadian rhythm. In drosophila, the RNA and protein products of per and tim oscillate and may be involved in rhythm regulation. The levels of per and tim is positively regulated by two basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)/PAS proteins, dCLOCK and dBMAL1, which heterodimerize and bind to E box enhancers. Translated per and tim are phosphorylated, form heterodimers, and then translocate to nucleus. Once in the nucleus, PER and TIM function as negative regulators of their own transcription. Recently drosophila homolog of mammalian TIM have been cloned and characterized (1). Human Timeless 1 (hTIM1; 1208 aa, chromosome 12q12-13) and mouse TIM1 (1197 aa, chromosome 10D3) share 83% identity. Tim1 is weakly expressed in SCN, and in several peripheral tissues (eyes, spleen and testis). Unlike drosophila, mouse Tim1 do not oscillate in the SCN or modulated by light exposure. Human TIM1 and mPER1 specifically inhibit CLOCK-BMAL1-induced transactivation of mPER1 promoter.||Storage and Stability:|Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile buffer or ddH2O. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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