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Usbio/171810-HRP Mouse Anti-Verotoxin I (SLT-1b, STX-1b) (HRP)/171810-HRP/100ul
Shigaliketoxins,alsocalledverotoxins,inhibitproteinsynthesisineukaryoticcells.Thesetoxinsplayaroleinhemorrhagiccolitisandhemolyticuremicsyndrome.Theydamageendothelialcellsinbothkidneyandbrain,causingrenalfailureandneurologicalcomplications.Theproteinstructureconsistsoftwodomains:theApolypeptideconferstheactivity,andtheBpolypeptidepentamerconfersthereceptor-specificbinding.TheApolypeptidehasanN-glycosidaseactivitythatcleavesanadeninefromthe28SrRNAofthe60Scytoplasmicribosome.Thisactivityrendersthe28SrRNAunabletointeractwiththeelongationfactorsEF-1andEF-2.Thusinhibitingproteinsynthesis.TheBpolypeptideformsapentamerthatbindstotheeukaryoticcellreceptorglobotriaosylceramide(Gb3).Shigaliketoxinsthenenterthecellsbyreceptor-mediatedendocytosis.Theeffectsofshigaliketoxin1andshigaliketoxin2havebeenshowntovarywithcelltypebecauseGb3receptorsarepresentincertaintissues,particularlysensoryneuronsandrenalcells.Inthosecelltypes,thereceptorconcentrationandbindingismodulatedbyfactorssuchastumornecrosisfactor(TNF),interleukins,andfattyacidcontentofthemembranes.Shigaliketoxin1andshigaliketoxin2differintheireffectsonvarioustissues.Theyhavebothbeenshowntoinduceapoptosisinseveraldifferentcelltypes.Oncetheshigaliketoxinshavebeenendocytosed,theyareretrogradelytransportedthroughthegolgiapparatustotheroughendoplasmicreticulumwheretheyeffectivelytargettheribosomes.Inadditiontoinhibitingproteinsynthesis,shigaliketoxinsinducecytokinessuchasinterleukin-1,interleukin-6,andinterleukin-8.Shigaliketoxinsareverytoxicandshouldbehandledwithextremecaution.
